An association of hyperglycemia with plasma malondialdehyde and atherogenic lipid risk factors in newly diagnosed Type 2 diabetic patients

BACKGROUND Oxidative stress (OS) generated by hyperglycemia, is one of the major focuses of recent research related to diabetes mellitus. Studying associations between hyperglycemia, OS and atherogenic dyslipidemia (AD) is therefore important. MATERIALS AND METHODS Plasma was obtained form a total of 52 subjects with newly diagnosed Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and 52 healthy controls to study associations between hyperglycemia, lipid risk factors for atherogenicity and malondialdehyde (MDA), a lipid peroxidation product. Ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) was evaluated as a measure of total antioxidant capacity (TAC). RESULTS Diabetic patients had significantly higher (P < 0.05) plasma triglycerides (TG)), very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C), TG to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (TG/HDL-C), atherogenic index (AI), and MDA. Whereas FRAP levels were depleted significantly in the patients compared to that of controls (P = 0.000). Pearson correlation analyses showed MDA correlates significantly with Fasting blood sugar (r = 0.39, P = 0.004), TG/HDL-C (r = 0.45, P = 0.001), and AI (r = 0.40, P = 0.003), and a significant negative correlation with LDL-C (r = -0.33, P = 0.019) which was lost upon nullifying the effect of FBS by partial correlation analysis (r = -0.28, P = 0.050). Receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis showed high Area under curve for TG/HDL-C and AI (0.62; P = 0.03). CONCLUSION Hyperglycemia of diabetes is associated with elevated levels of plasma MDA. This study suggests that TG/HDL-C and AI may be particularly useful as atherogenic risk predictors in newly diagnosed patients with T2DM.